CFA协会ESG考试题库第三章 ESG题库习题集
Chapter 3 Environmental Factors 模拟试题31-40
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31. What are emission trading systems (ETS) and carbon taxes compared to in international trade?
a) Import quotas and export tariffs
b) Emission quotas and carbon offsets
c) Deforestation tariffs and sustainability standards
d) Quotas and tariffs
32. What are the challenges associated with carbon offsetting mentioned in the document?
a) Lack of transparency and scientific rigor
b) Risk of claiming credits for unnecessary emission reductions
c) Difficulty in accounting for carbon credits across jurisdictions and over time
d) All of the above
33. What risk management framework is commonly used in project finance to address environmental and social risk?
a) Performance Standards Framework
b) Equator Principles
c) Climate Action 100+
d) Non-Financial Reporting Directive
34. What are the potential impacts associated with the release of air pollutants?
a) Pollution of air, land, and surface water
b) Surface water pollution
c) Pollution of land and groundwater and surface water
d) All of the above
35. How can an analysis of material environmental risks affect key financial metrics of a company?
a) Improve water efficiency over time
b) Adjust target price-to-earnings ratio (P/E)
c) Determine the materiality of environmental risks
d) All of the above
36. What do central banks and the Bank for International Settlements warn about in regards to environmental risks?
a) The potential systemic effects of physical risks only
b) The potential systemic effects of transitional risks only
c) The potential systemic effects of both physical and transitional risks
d) The limited impact of environmental risks on financial systems
37. What is one limitation of using carbon emissions as a proxy for climate risks?
a) High levels of emissions do not always indicate high climate risks
b) Coal-burning power plants have higher emissions than steel plants
c) Cleaner alternatives to coal production are widespread
d) Coal-burning power plants have a lower profitability profile
38. What are some factors that contribute to variations in net-zero targets?
a) Absolute or relative targets
b) Scope of emissions covered
c) Time frames considered
d) All of the above
39. What methodology can investors use to determine materiality of environmental risks?
a) Financial ratio analysis only
b) Incorporating transparent and credible data sources
c) Adopting the Non-Financial Reporting Directive
d) Relying solely on financial modeling techniques
40. What type of targets are companies increasingly adopting?
a) Environmental performance targets
b) Carbon neutrality targets
c) Net-zero targets
d) Global sustainability targets
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